Hotel Development Financial Model

Description
This is a detailed, well-structured and transparent cash flow model for a development of a hotel. Use this model if you are considering investing into construction of a new hotel.


The model includes the following investment stages:


1. Acquisition. This can be e.g. an initial purchase of a land plot or some construction in progress. The model allows you to set the acquisition date, price, fixed and variable transaction costs.
2. Construction capex. You can set the amount and timing of various renovation capex items.
3. Operation. You can input your average daily rate (ADR) and occupancy assumptions by month to reflect seasonality. You can also model cash flows from other activities such as restaurant and bar, car parking, wellness center, laundry, meetings and events, transportation services.
4. Sale. You can define the holding period, the cap rate and transaction costs at exit. You can choose the method to calculate the NOI for the purposes of valuation (12 month forward, 12 month trailing or 6+6 of each.
5. Distribution of profits between shareholders. The model calculates returns to a preferred partner, if there is one in the project. It then uses a 4-hurdle carried interest waterfall to calculate the distributions between General Partner (GP) and Limited Partner (LP).


The model assumes the investment will be financed by equity and loan. The following funding structure is considered:


- Construction loan to finance the initial acquisition and construction. You can set the interest rate, amortization period, interest-only period, arrangement and early repayment fees. You can also choose the loan-to-value (LTV) ratio for the asset and for the renovation costs.
- Refinancing loan. The model allows to set the date of refinancing, parameters of the new loan (interest rate, amortization period, fees etc.). You can refinance just the old amount of loan or take additional funding (as much as refinancing LTV allows) and to distribute (cash out) any extra amounts.
- Mezzanine loan. This loan is drawn at acquisition to bridge any potential gaps in funding. Mezzanine loan is repaid at exit.


The model produces the cash flow statements at the asset and investor levels. To illustrate the effect of debt funding the model shows both unlevered and levered cash flows for the investors. To monitor the leverage the model calculates project Debt Service Coverage Ratio (DSCR).


The model also calculates key profitability metrics (IRR, equity multiple, gross return peak equity required amount and date) for every investor.


Sensitivities. The model includes numerous inputs which you can change to see the effect on profitability and cash flows. There is also a data table which shows the IRR and equity multiple at various exit date and cap rate assumptions.


The model is accompanied by professionally designed magazine-quality charts to illustrate the results of the analysis.


Every investment is unique and so the model might need to be adjusted to your situation. Contact me if you need help tailoring this model or developing a new one.